Profil Fitokimia dan Proksimat Tiga Formulasi Pakan Suplemen Ikan Lele (Clarias sp.) Berbasis Kombinasi Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera), Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya), dan Daun Kipahit (Tithonia diversifolia)

Septina Mulia Pratiwi; Cicilia Novi Primiani

doi:10.36312/biocaster.v6i4.1701

Authors

Septina Mulia Pratiwi Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas PGRI Madiun, Jalan Setia Budi Nomor 85, Madiun, Jawa Timur 63118, Indonesia
Cicilia Novi Primiani Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas PGRI Madiun, Jalan Setia Budi Nomor 85, Madiun, Jawa Timur 63118, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36312/biocaster.v6i4.1701

Keywords:

Phytochemicals, Catfish (Clarias sp.), Herbal Feed Supplement, Proximate Analysis

Abstract

Feed is a primary factor in the success of African catfish (Clarias sp.) farming; consequently, the development of functional feed based on herbal ingredients represents a promising alternative. Herbal materials are widely studied due to their bioactive compounds, which can enhance the nutritional quality and health of the fish. This study aimed to characterize the phytochemicals in moringa (Moringa oleifera), papaya (Carica papaya), and Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) leaves, and to evaluate the proximate composition of supplemental feeds based on combinations of these three ingredients. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, utilizing qualitative phytochemical screening and standard AOAC proximate analysis on three feed formulations: F1 (moringa–papaya), F2 (moringa-Mexican sunflower), and F3 (papaya-Mexican sunflower). The results showed that all ingredients contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, while steroids were not detected. Formulation F2 yielded the best results, exhibiting the highest protein content (54.69%) and the lowest crude fiber content (11.86%). These findings indicate that the combination of herbal ingredients particularly formulation F2 holds significant potential for development as an efficient functional feed to improve nutritional performance in catfish farming, while also serving as a reference for formulating sustainable, natural-ingredient-based feeds.

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